Social justice in the modern state is one of those contemporary concepts that is challenging to define and understand, especially when examined in historical contexts, such as the history of Islam and the conduct of the Infallibles (pbut). Understanding concepts like the state, democracy, social justice, and similar ideas from a religious perspective is inherently demanding. This complexity increases when social justice is broken down into more specific domains, such as cultural justice, and analyzed within historical conduct. This study seeks to examine Imam Reza’s (pbuh) actions in promoting cultural justice using a descriptive-analytical method. It appears that these actions can be explored in several areas: First, the debate of agency and structure in justice studies: Imam Reza’s (pbuh) conduct uniquely addresses this debate, as he engaged with existing structures while also creating structural opportunities beyond individual actions to expand justice. Second, Cultural diversity: Cultural diversity emerges as a fundamental pillar of cultural justice in Imam Reza’s (pbuh) conduct. Third, The Dichotomy of Teleology and Deontology in Cultural Justice: In Imam Reza’s (pbuh) teachings, teleology occupies a significant position in the framework of cultural justice. This article elaborates on these three dimensions to provide a comprehensive understanding of Imam Reza’s (pbuh) approach to cultural justice.
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